1. Introduction In modern continuous casting operations, the tundish nozzle plays a crucial role in regulating molten steel flow from the tundish into the Submerged Entry Nozzle (SEN) or directly into the mold. Its reliability and flow-control stability directly impact mold level fluctuation, inclusion removal, casting...

In continuous casting operations, the ladle shroud is a critical refractory component used to protect molten steel from atmospheric reoxidation as it flows from the ladle to the tundish. However, many operators overlook a much smaller but equally important part of the system: the ladle shroud gasket.Despite its simple...